This study sought to identify gender differences among medical patients for their spiritual/religious beliefs/practices and their associations with health. Patients {(N} = 168) completed the Brief Multidimensional Measure of {Religiousness/Spirituality} {(BMMRS)}, and {SF-36} general health perception {(GHP)} and general mental health {(GMH)} scales. No gender differences were found in endorsement of spiritual experiences, religious practices, or congregational support. For men, religious/spiritual coping significantly correlated with {GHP} and {GMH}, and religious support significantly correlated with {GMH.} For women, measures of spiritual experiences, religious practices, and congregational support were significantly correlated with {GMH}, but no significant correlations with {GHP} were noted. Regression analyses revealed that the interaction between gender and {BMMRS} was a significant predictor for {GMH} and {GHP.} Follow-up analyses suggested that for women, {GMH} was associated with religious/spiritual coping, religious support, daily spiritual experiences, forgiveness, and organizational religion. In contrast, {GHP} was only significantly predicted by religious support and only for men. Although no gender differences were noted in endorsement of religious/spiritual experiences/practices, gender differences in relationships between spirituality beliefs/practices and health may exist among individuals with chronic health issues.